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About CHEC√ / FAQ

  1. What is an advance healthcare directive (AD)?


  2. What does an advance health care directive do?


  3. Is an AD the same as a living will?


  4. Why we should consider an advance healthcare directive?


  5. What happens if an advance healthcare directive has been made and is not available in an emergency?


  • What is an advance healthcare directive (AD)?

    It is a legal document, varying to some extent from state to state, which will help guide our families and physicians regarding our values and wishes at the end of life.

    The fundamental goal is not to complete a form but for each adult to consider and discuss with family, friends and advisors while he or she is well enough and has the capacity to make decisions, regarding his/her choices at the end of life. This is the most difficult first step since most people prefer not to think about such things. Older people are more easily convinced. We recommend that even younger people, over the age of 18, consider what they would do if they had a head injury in an accident and remained in a vegetative state. This is an all too common situation and has been the subject of classic court cases. We believe that making an AD is an important responsibility for all adults.

    Many studies indicate that about 75% of people would like to be counseled about and sign an AD. Most of them would like for their physicians to discuss it with them in the office when they are relatively well. About 15% of the general public know about ADs. Although it has been mandatory by federal law to give patients information about ADs on hospital entry, very few people sign them in hospitals.

    When you are hospitalized or sent to a nursing home or in-home or hospice-care, a copy of the document should be taken to the proper facility.



  • What does an advance health care directive do?

    It allows a person to do either or both of two things:

    • Appoint a Power of Attorney for Health Care
    • State instructions for future healthcare decisions

    Before completing a form the most important steps are:

    • Deciding what you want, e.g., what has meaning for you in life, and understanding what certain treatments can or cannot do for you.
    • Writing down your wishes, considering what is important to you – your quality of life, your beliefs, your values etc.
    • Discussing these matters with your family, other loved ones and your doctor. Sometimes a lawyer will be involved in the context of estate planning



  • Is an AD the same as a living will?

    Living Will, without more, is not the document most people need. As a threshold goal, most people should have a Health Care Power of Attorney (or Health Care Proxy) that names a trusted person as agent or proxy. A still better alternative is to execute both documents or a single, combined "Advance Directive" that names a proxy and provides guidance about one's wishes. Unfortunately, because of statutory restrictions or inconsistencies within state law, many practicing attorneys advise clients to execute separate rather than combined documents. State advance directive laws are slowly moving toward acceptance of flexible, combined advance directives, but the states differ significantly in this regard.



  • Why we should consider an advance healthcare directive?

    • To obtain wanted medical care and avoid unwanted medical care in specific circumstances.


    • To help our family and friends know what is important to us.


    • To help our family and friends make the decisions about our medical care the way we would make them for ourselves if and when we are unable to do so. By doing so,
      reduce trauma for loved ones.


    • To make your medical team aware of your choices so they can respond appropriately.


    • To prevent division, disagreement among family members and turmoil in public institutions



  • What happens if an advance healthcare directive has been made and is not available in an emergency?

    1. You may wish to use MedicAlert Foundation, the nation’s leading emergency medical information service, which has a National Repository for end-of-life medical preference documents, including directives concerning life support, resuscitation, organ donation and ADs. The Repository’s comprehensive services include support from the MedicAlert 24-Hour Call Center that is available and staffed by professionals around the clock 365 days a year, referral service for advance directives forms and assistance, verification of completed forms for all required signatures and contact information, physician and agent notification upon enrollment and during medical events, family notification service, and safe storage and transmission of advance directives regardless of the health-care setting. Interested individuals may call MedicAlert Foundation toll free at 888-755-1448 or visit its web site at www.medicalert.org to obtain further information.


    2. In California and some other states a paramedic triplicate called ‘Prehospital Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Form’ signed by the patient and the doctor can be used as a direction on what to do or not do medically. This form can be obtained from California Medical Association by calling 1-415-882-5175, by visiting their website at www.cmanet.org or checking with your local Emergency Medical Services agency.


    3. Always keep a copy of your AD with important papers and within easy reach and not locked up in a safety deposit box or other unreachable place.



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